Burner.



PATENTED J'NE'SO, 1903'.

R. M. s-HAPPBR."

BURNER. Pr-LIGATIONHLBD AUG. 20,1902.

N0l 732,455. l

'N0 MODEL.

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UNITED STATES Patented June 30, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

BURNER.

SECXFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 732,455, dated June 30, 1903. Application filed August 20, 1902. Serial No. 120,336. (No model.)

To LZZ whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, RICHARD M. SHAFFER, of Baltimore city, in the State of Maryland,

have invented certain vnew and useful Improvements in Burners, of which the followingisacomplete specilication,reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

The object of my invention is to produce improvements in burners for hydrocarbons or other volatilizable oils,and especially heavy oils, like kerosene, in which provision is made for promoting a continuous-supply of gas by the heating of the oil during the operation of the burner and in which effective means are provided for preventing the flashing back of the gas while it is being consumed in use.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure I is a top plan of my burner complete in its present preferred form of embodiment. Fig. II is a vertical section on the'line II II of Fig. I.

Referring to the numerals on the drawings, l indicates the bottom plate of my burner, into the middle part of which preferably is screwed a pipe 2, bent, as indicated at 3, and terminating in a bell-mouth ,preferably located at one side of the burner. The pipe 2 is preferably of comparatively large diameter and is designed to supply to the burner a due admixture of air and gas and also to serve as a support for the burner.

5 indicates the top plate of my burner, which, as by screws 6, is snugly fitted against an annular rim 7, provided for it on the bottom plate l. An overhanging flange ,8 fits around the rim 7 and is designed to coperate with the ange 7 to form a close joint between the top plate l and the bottom plate 5.

Above the top plate 5 I provide a heatingchamber 9, which is preferably an inclosed compartment cast integrally with-the plate 5; but it may be a coil of pipes located above and separate from the plate. In the preferred form, as illustrated, an oil-supply pipe 10 communicates with the heating-chamber 9 on one side, and from the opposite side thereof a gas-pipe 11 proceeds. The pipes 10 and 1l preferably extend partially across the burner above the top plate 5 thereof and constitute,in eect, amplifications of the heatingchamber 9.

The pipe l1 through a branch 14 communicates with a discharge-pipe 15, which is centered within the bell-mouth 4, as by means of a skeleton frame or spider 16, formed in the mouth 4 and threaded to accommodate the pipe 15. Dlscharge'from thepipe 15 is designed to be controlled by suitable meansfor example, a needle-valve 17, whichbeing of well-known construction is only shown suggestively and not in detail inthe drawings.

From the foregoing description it will be apprehended that if the burnerbe provided with suitable points for the ignition of gas a constant flow of gas from thefheating-chamber 9, supplied with oil from the pipe 10, may be maintained through the pipe 11 and the gas-discharge pipe 15. Issuing thence and commingling with air, which it draws into the pipe 2, the gas enters the interior of the burnerthat is, the space between the plates l and -whence it is drawn or ejected to support the combustion at the points of ignition of the burner.

In burners of the general type to which my invention belongs-that is to say, in burners having an extensive receptacle for gas over which is distributed a series of points of ignition-difticult-y is frequently experienced in the burning out of the burner. This defect results from what is technically known as flashing back.that is to say, the gas ignites within the interior of the burner instead of upon the exterior thereof. It is to obviate this defect that my burner proper is designed. To accomplish this object, I provide upon the top plate 5 ofthe burner a series, in any preferred arrangement, of `annularV apertures, each bounded by a 'tapered flange or'nipple 18. Opposite to and concentric with each nipple 18 I` provide upon the bottom plate 1 of the burner a somewhat more contracted nipple 19. The height of each nipple 19 above its plate 1 and the diameter of its mout-h or upper end is such as to leave between it and the bottom of the inner wall of its nipple 18 a thin or hair-like annular space 20. (See Fig. II, where the nipples are shown in cross-section.) By the arrangement 'above described the burner is provided with a number of perforations corresponding'to the number of nipples 18 and 19. An abundant supply of air from below the burner is admitted through these several apertures to the respective points of ignition, while the IOO Vlo

size and location of the annular spaces 20, respectively, is such as to prevent the flashing back into the interior of the burner. It may be observed'also that the distance between the opposite interior faces of the plates l and 5 is small, and that fact also probably contributes to the elimination of the tendency to flash back, owing to the reduced volume of gas contained at one time within the burner and exposed to the heat to which the same is subjected.

The operation of my burner has been in the main outlined in the description of the structure and functions of the several parts which compose it; but it may be added by way of complete description that ,each time the burner is brought into operation it is necessary by initial priming in someordinary or preferred manner to heat the heating-chamber 9 to such a degree as will cause it to generate gas. After the burner is properly in operation it will of course aiord sufficient heat to the chamber 9 to keep it in continuous operation.

W'hat I claim is- 1. In a gas-burner, the combination With a pair of plates separated from each other and provided with means for uniting their edges by a close joint, of a series of nipples surrounding apertures in and projecting from l the top plate, and corresponding nipples in the bottom plate concentiic with the nipples in the top plate respectively, the top of each nipple in the bottom plate defining between it and the bottom of its corresponding nipple in the top plate a thin annular space for the passage of gas.

2. The combination with a burner comprising a pair of plates separated from each other and provided with means for uniting their edges by a close joint, a series of nipples surrounding, apertures in and projecting from the top plate, corresponding nipples in the bottom plate concentric with the nipples in the top plate, respectively, the top of each nipple in the bottom plate defining between it and the bottom of the corresponding nipple in the top plate a thin annular space for the passage of gas, of a heating-chamber above the top plate, an oil-supply pipe communicating with said heating-chamber and a pipe communicating with the space between the two plates and with the gas-supply pipe from the heating-chamber adapted to supply cominingled air and gas to the burner.

In testimony of all which I have heren-nto subscribed my name.

RICHARD M. SHAFFER.

Witnesses:

OSCAR WHITE, P. R. M. CRUM. 

